Search

We study the behaviour of spin 1/2 charmed baryons as the temperature increases. We make use of anisotropic lattice QCD simulations with N f = 2 + 1 dynamical flavours. After determining the positive and negative parity ground state masses at the lowest temperature, we investigate the effect of rising temperature using ratios of thermal lattice correlators with both so-called reconstructed correlators and with simple model correlators. This avoids difficulties associated with non-zero temperature fitting or spectral reconstruction. We find that temperature effects are prominent throughout the hadronic phase for all negative parity channels considered and for some positive parity channels. Subsequently and where possible, we determine the masses of the ground states as a function of temperature. Finally we consider the effect of chiral symmetry restoration and extract an estimate of the pseudocritical temperature from singly charmed baryonic correlators. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Bandgaps, or frequency ranges of forbidden wave propagation, are a hallmark of phononic crystals (PnCs). Unlike their lattice counterparts, PnCs taking the form of continuous structures exhibit an infinite number of bandgaps of varying location, bandwidth, and distribution along the frequency spectrum. While these bandgaps are commonly predicted from benchmark tools such as the Bloch-wave theory, the conditions that dictate the patterns associated with bandgap symmetry, attenuation, or even closing in multi-bandgap PnCs remain an enigma. In this work, we establish these patterns in one-dimensional rods undergoing longitudinal motion via a canonical transfer-matrix-based approach. In doing so, we connect the conditions governing bandgap formation and closing to their physical origins in the context of the Bragg condition (for infinite media) and natural resonances (for finite counterparts). The developed framework uniquely characterizes individual bandgaps within a larger dispersion spectrum regardless of their parity (i.e., odd versus even bandgaps) or location (low versus high-frequency), by exploiting dimensionless constants of the PnC unit cell which quantify the different contrasts between its constitutive layers. These developments are detailed for a bi-layered PnC and then generalized for a PnC of any number of layers by increasing the model complexity. We envision this mathematical development to be a future standard for the realization of hierarchically structured PnCs with prescribed and finely tailored bandgap profiles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Ytterbium monohydroxide is a promising molecule in the search for new physics. It is well known that levels of opposite parity, separated by energy split, the so-called l-doublets, define the experimental electric field strength required for molecule polarization. In addition, in our previous paper [Phys. Rev. A 105, L050801 (2022)], we have shown that the value of l-doubling directly influences the sensitivity of linear triatomic molecules toward the P , T -odd effects. In our work [J. Chem. Phys. 155, 164301 (2021)], we have calculated the value of l-doubling for YbOH molecules with the approximation of fixed O–H bond length. Taking the importance of this property into account, in the present study, we consider the additional degree of freedom corresponding to ligand (OH) deformation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The long-range, parity-odd nucleon interaction generated by single-pion exchange is captured in the parity-odd pion–nucleon coupling h π 1 . Its calculation in lattice QCD requires the evaluation of four-quark operator nucleon three-point functions. We investigate a new numerical approach to compute h π 1 based on nucleon matrix elements of parity-even four-quark operators and related to the parity-violating electroweak theory by partial conservation of axial current (PCAC) and chiral perturbation theory. This study is performed with 2+1+1 dynamical flavors of twisted mass fermions at pion mass m π ≈ 260 MeV in a lattice box of L ≈ 3 fm and with lattice spacing of a ≈ 0.091 fm . From a calculation excluding fermion loop diagrams we find a bare coupling of h π 1 = 8.08 (98) · 10 - 7 . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hybrid entangled states are necessary for quantum information processing within heterogeneous quantum networks. We develop an entanglement mechanism between continuous variable (CV) states of definite parity and delocalized photon (discrete variable (DV) state) leading to deterministic generation of the hybrid entangled states. The mechanism is realized by means of mixing of the input states on beam splitter (BS) with arbitrary transmission and reflection coefficients followed by measurement of the number of photons in the measurement mode by photon number resolving (PNR) detector. The scheme under study allows for one to partially control hybrid entanglement by change of the transmission/reflection coefficients of the BS. There are wide domains of values which guarantee the generation of maximum hybrid entanglement. The mechanism of the CV–DV entanglement can be used for controllable entangled state distribution in hybrid optical network. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Parity or quadratic spin (e.g., J2z) readouts of a Mach-Zehnder (MZ) interferometer probed with a twin Fock (TF) input state allow saturating the optimal sensitivity attainable among all mode-separable states with a fixed total number of particles but only when the interferometer phase θ is near zero. When more general Dicke state probes are used, the parity readout saturates the quantum Fisher information (QFI) at θ = 0, whereas better-than-standard quantum limit performance of the J2z readout is restricted to an o(√N) occupation imbalance. We show that a method of moments readout of two quadratic spin observables J2z and J2+ + J2- is globally optimal for Dicke state probes; i.e., the error saturates the QFI for all θ. In the lossy setting, we derive the time-inhomogeneous Markov process describing the effect of particle loss on TF states, showing that the method of moments readout of four at-most-quadratic spin observables is sufficient for globally optimal estimation of θ when two or more particles are lost. The analysis culminates in a numerical calculation of the QFI matrix for distributed MZ interferometry on the four-mode state |N/4, N/4, N/4, N/4〉 and its lossy counterparts, showing that an advantage for the estimation of any linear function of the local MZ phases θ1 and θ2 (compared to independent probing of the MZ phases by two copies of |N/4, N/4〉) appears when more than one particle is lost. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The rotationally resolved infrared (IR) spectrum of the He– H 3 + complex has been measured in a cryogenic ion trap experiment at a nominal temperature of 4 K. Predissociation of the stored complex has been invoked by excitation of the degenerate ν2 mode of the H 3 + sub-unit using a pulsed optical parametric oscillator system. An assignment of the experimental spectrum became possible through one-to-one correlations with bands of the spectrum theoretically predicted in Paper I [Harding et al., J. Chem. Phys. 156, 144307 (2022)]. 19 bands have been assigned and analyzed, and the energy term diagram of the lower states of this floppy molecular complex has been derived from combination differences (CDs) in the experimental spectrum. Ground state combination differences (GSCDs) reveal a large part of the energy term diagram for the He– H 3 + complex in its vibrational ground state, v = 0. Experimental and theoretical term energies agree within experimental accuracy for the rotational fine structure associated with the total angular momentum quantum number J and the parity e/f as well as for the coarse spacing of the lowest K states of the complex. This favorable comparison shows that the potential energy surface (PES) calculated in Paper I is accurate. The barriers between the three equivalent global minima in this PES are relatively low and the He– H 3 + complex is extremely floppy, with nearly unhindered internal rotation of the H 3 + sub-unit. The resulting Coriolis interactions couple the internal and end-over-end rotation of the complex and contribute significantly to the energy terms. They are observed both in experiment and theory and are, e.g., the origin of different rotational constants for states of e and f parity. Also in this respect, experiment and theory agree very well. Despite the assignment and analysis of many bands of the extremely rich IR spectrum of He– H 3 + , higher levels of excitation, including the complex stretching mode, need further attention. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the masses and production modes of pentaquark with the quark constituent c q ¯ q q q , by the tridiquark-diquark model and systematical light flavor quark symmetry SU(3) analysis. The mass spectrums show that the S-wave singly charm pentaquark c n ¯ n n n , c s ¯ s s n , c n ¯ s s n and c n ¯ s n n (n = u , d) are above their strong decay thresholds, while c s ¯ n n n and c s ¯ s n n with parity 1 2 - are below their strong decay thresholds, which imply the possibility of stable states. Furthermore, we discuss the production of the concerned 15 states from B meson, the analysis within SU(3) symmetry yields the golden channels of production process, B ¯ s 0 → F s ¯ u d d + p ¯ , B - → F u ¯ d d s - Λ ¯ 0 , which expected to be work worthily in b-factory. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We begin with an E8× E8 Heterotic model broken to an SU(5)gauge× U(1)X and a twin SU(5)gauge× U(1)X, where one SU(5) and its spectrum is identified as the visible sector while the other can be identified as a hidden twin sector. In both cases we obtain the minimal supersymmetric standard model (MSSM) spectrum after Wilson-line symmetry-breaking enhanced by a low energy R-parity and ℤ 4 R symmetry. We argue that there will not be any observable proton decay in this model. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We show that the general vacuum states that respect the de Sitter symmetry, known as the α-vacua, can introduce non-vanishing parity-violating tensor non-Gaussianities. This is due to the mixing by the Bogoliubov transformation of the positive and negative frequency modes of the Bunch-Davies vacuum. We calculate explicitly the bispectra of tensor perturbations and show that the amplitude can be exponentially enhanced for certain choices of the squeezing parameter α and the phase ϕ of the α-vacua. We find a new shape for the parity-violating tensor bispectrum which peaks in the flattened configuration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We define symmetries in non-relativistic quantum electrodynamics, which have the physical interpretation of rotation, parity, and time reversal symmetry. We collect transformation properties related to these symmetries in Fock space representation as well as in the Schrödinger representation. As an application, we generalize and improve theorems about Kramers' degeneracy in non-relativistic quantum electrodynamics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heavy-atom alkaline earth monofluoride molecules are considered as prospective systems to study spatial parity or spatial parity and time-reversal symmetry violating effects such as the nuclear anapole moment or the electron electric dipole moment. A comprehensive and highly accurate theoretical study of the electronic structure properties and transition energies in such systems can simplify the preparation and interpretation of the experiments. However, almost no attempts to calculate quantum electrodynamics (QED) effects' contribution into characteristics of these neutral heavy-atom molecules have been performed. Recently, we have formulated and implemented such an approach to calculate QED contributions to transition energies of molecules [L. V. Skripnikov, J. Chem. Phys. 154, 201101 (2021)]. In this paper, we perform a benchmark theoretical study of the transition energies in the Ba+ cation and BaF molecule. The deviation of the calculated values from the experimental ones is of the order 10 cm−1 and is more than an order of magnitude better than the "chemical accuracy," 350 cm−1. The achievement of such an agreement has been provided, in particular, by the inclusion of the QED effects. The latter appeared to be not less important than the high-order correlation effects beyond the coupled cluster with single, double, and perturbative triple cluster amplitude level. We compare the role of QED effects for transition energies with heavier molecules—RaF and E120F, where E120 is the superheavy Z = 120 homolog of Ra. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present a four-component relativistic approach to describe the effects of the nuclear spin-dependent parity-violating (PV) weak nuclear forces on nuclear spin-rotation (NSR) tensors. The formalism is derived within the four-component polarization propagator theory based on the Dirac–Coulomb Hamiltonian. Such calculations are important for planning and interpretation of possible future experiments aimed at stringent tests of the standard model through the observation of PV effects in NSR spectroscopy. An exploratory application of this theory to the chiral molecules H2X2 (X = 17O, 33S, 77Se, 125Te, and 209Po) illustrates the dramatic effect of relativity on these contributions. In particular, spin-free and spin–orbit effects are even of opposite signs for some dihedral angles, and the latter fully dominate for the heavier nuclei. Relativistic four-component calculations of isotropic nuclear spin-rotation constants, including parity-violating electroweak interactions, give frequency differences of up to 4.2 mHz between the H2Po2 enantiomers; on the nonrelativistic level of theory, this energy difference is 0.1 mHz only. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A measurement of the magnitude of the electric dipole moment of the electron (eEDM) larger than that predicted by the Standard Model (SM) of particle physics is expected to have a huge impact on the search for physics beyond the SM. Polar diatomic molecules containing heavy elements experience enhanced sensitivity to parity (P) and time-reversal (T)-violating phenomena, such as the eEDM and the scalar–pseudoscalar (S–PS) interaction between the nucleons and the electrons, and are thus promising candidates for measurements. The NL-eEDM collaboration is preparing an experiment to measure the eEDM and S–PS interaction in a slow beam of cold BaF molecules [P. Aggarwal et al., Eur. Phys. J. D 72, 197 (2018)]. Accurate knowledge of the electronic structure parameters, Wd and Ws, connecting the eEDM and the S–PS interaction to the measurable energy shifts is crucial for the interpretation of these measurements. In this work, we use the finite field relativistic coupled cluster approach to calculate the Wd and Ws parameters in the ground state of the BaF molecule. Special attention was paid to providing a reliable theoretical uncertainty estimate based on investigations of the basis set, electron correlation, relativistic effects, and geometry. Our recommended values of the two parameters, including conservative uncertainty estimates, are 3.13 ± 0.12 × 1 0 24 Hz e cm for Wd and 8.29 ± 0.12 kHz for Ws. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study the quantum phase transitions of frustrated antiferromagnetic Heisenberg spin-1 systems on the 3/4 and 3/5 skewed two leg ladder geometries. These systems can be viewed as arising by periodically removing rung bonds from a zigzag ladder. We find that in large systems, the ground state (gs) of the 3/4 ladder switches from a singlet to a magnetic state for J 1 ≥ 1.82 ; the gs spin corresponds to the ferromagnetic alignment of effective S = 2 objects on each unit cell. The gs of antiferromagnetic exchange Heisenberg spin-1 system on a 3/5 skewed ladder is highly frustrated and has spiral spin arrangements. The amplitude of the spin density wave in the 3/5 ladder is significantly larger compared to that in the magnetic state of the 3/4 ladder. The gs of the system switches between singlet state and low spin magnetic states multiple times on tuning J 1 in a finite size system. The switching pattern is nonmonotonic as a function of J 1 and depends on the system size. It appears to be the consequence of a higher J 1 favoring a higher spin magnetic state and the finite system favoring a standing spin wave. For some specific parameter values, the magnetic gs in the 3/5 system is doubly degenerate in two different mirror symmetry subspaces. This degeneracy leads to spontaneous spin-parity and mirror symmetry breaking, giving rise to spin current in the gs of the system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The parity violating model based on teleparallel gravity is a competitive scheme for parity violating gravity, which has been preliminary studied in the literature. To further investigate the parity violating model in teleparallel gravity, in this paper, we construct all independent parity-odd terms that are quadratic in torsion tensor and coupled to a scalar field in a way without higher-order derivatives. Using these parity-odd terms, we formulate a general parity violating scalar-tensor model in teleparallel gravity and obtain its equations of motion. To explore potentially viable models within the general model, we investigate the cosmological application of a submodel of the general model in which terms above the second power of torsion are eliminated. We focus on analyzing cosmological perturbations and identify the conditions that preserve the parity violating signal of gravitational waves at linear order while avoiding the ghost instability. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Laboratory search of exotic interactions is crucial for exploring physics beyond the standard model. We report new experimental constraints on two exotic spin-dependent interactions at the micrometer scale based on ensembles of nitrogen-vacancy (NV) centers in diamond. A thin layer of NV electronic spin ensembles is synthesized as the solid-state spin quantum sensor, and a lead sphere is taken as the interacting nucleon source. Our result establishes new bounds for two types of exotic spin interactions at the micrometer scale. For an exotic parity-odd spin- and velocity-dependent interaction, improved bounds are set within the force range from 5 to 500 μm. The upper limit of the corresponding coupling constant |$g_A^eg_V^N$| at 330 μm is more than 1000-fold more stringent than the previous constraint. For the P, T -violating scalar-pseudoscalar nucleon-electron interaction, improved constraints are established within the force range from 6 to 45 μm. The limit of the corresponding coupling constant |$g_S^Ng_P^e$| is improved by more than one order of magnitude at 30 μm. This work demonstrates that a solid-state NV ensemble can be a powerful platform for probing exotic spin-dependent interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Using an extended parity doublet model with the hidden local symmetry, we study some properties of nuclei in the mean field approximation to see if the parity doublet model could reproduce nuclear properties and also to estimate the value of the chiral invariant nucleon mass m 0 preferred by nuclear structure. We first determine our model parameters using the inputs from free space and from nuclear matter properties. Then, we study some basic nuclear properties such as the nuclear binding energy with several different choices of the chiral invariant mass. We observe that our results approach the experimental values as m 0 is increased until m 0 = 700 MeV and start to deviate more from the experiments afterwards with m 0 larger than m 0 = 700 MeV. From this observation, we conclude that m 0 = 700 MeV is preferred by nuclear properties. We then calculate some properties of several selected nuclei with m 0 = 700 MeV and compare them with experiments. Finally, we study the neutron-proton mass difference in some nuclei. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The two discrete generators of the full Lorentz group O (1 , 3) in 4 D spacetime are typically chosen to be parity inversion symmetry P and time reversal symmetry T, which are responsible for the four topologically separate components of O (1 , 3) . Under general considerations of quantum field theory (QFT) with internal degrees of freedom, mirror symmetry is a natural extension of P, while C P symmetry resembles T in spacetime. In particular, mirror symmetry is critical as it doubles the full Dirac fermion representation in QFT and essentially introduces a new sector of mirror particles. Its close connection to T-duality and Calabi–Yau mirror symmetry in string theory is clarified. Extension beyond the Standard Model can then be constructed using both left- and right-handed heterotic strings guided by mirror symmetry. Many important implications such as supersymmetry, chiral anomalies, topological transitions, Higgs, neutrinos, and dark energy are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Available information pertaining to the nuclear structure of ground and excited states for all known nuclei with mass numbers A=245 have been compiled and evaluated. The adopted level and decay schemes, as well as the detailed nuclear properties and configuration assignments based on experimental data, are presented for these nuclides. When there are insufficient data, expected values from systematics of nuclear properties and/or theoretical calculations are utilized. Unexpected or discrepant experimental results are also noted. Since the last evaluation, new rotational bands in 245Pu have been observed to high spin from transfer reaction 244Pu(209Bi, 208Bi γ) by 2014Ho16. While in 245Am, the 249Bk α decay measurements by 2013Ah03 added a new rotational band based on π 3/2[521] configuration. The 245Pu β − decay scheme is basically what was proposed in the late 60's and 47 γ rays have still not been placed. In 245Cm, precise alpha energies and intensities were measured by 2015Ah03 in 249Cf α decay. Their reported alpha energies of the main α group were about 2 keV lower than in the previous evaluation. The spin and parity of the g.s. of 245Es is still ambiguous as more detailed information on the decay is needed. With the production of 249No via fusion evaporation reaction by groups in Dubna and GSI, it's alpha decay was studied and some properties of the daughter 245Fm were published and included in this evalaution. Information on the other nuclides is scarce and not much has been investigated since the last evaluation. A summary and compilation of the discovery of the various nuclides in this mass region is given in: 2013Fr02 (245Pu, 245Am, 245Cm, 245Bk, 245Cf), 2011Me01 (245Es), and 2013Th02 (245Md, 245Fm). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We illustrate how the Conformal Ward Identities (CWI) in momentum space for parity-odd correlators determine the structure of a chiral anomaly interaction, taking the example of the VVA (vector/vector/axial-vector) and AAA correlators in momentum space. Only the conservation and the anomalous WIs, together with the Bose symmetry, are imposed from the outset for the determination of the correlators. We use a longitudinal/transverse decomposition of tensor structures and form factors. The longitudinal (L) component is fixed by the anomaly content and the anomaly pole, while in the transverse (T) sector we define a new parameterization. We relate the latter both to the Rosenberg original representation of the VVA and to the longitudinal/transverse (L/T) one, first introduced in the analysis of g - 2 of the muon in the investigation of the diagram in the chiral limit of QCD. The correlators are completely identified by the conformal constraints whose solutions are fixed only by the anomaly coefficient, the residue of the anomaly pole. In both cases, our CFT result matches the one-loop perturbative expression, as expected. The CWIs for correlators of mixed chirality J L J J R generate solutions in agreement with the all-orders nonrenormalization theorems of perturbative QCD and in the chiral limit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A search for the electroweak production of pairs of charged sleptons or charginos decaying into two-lepton final states with missing transverse momentum is presented. Two simplified models of R-parity-conserving supersymmetry are considered: direct pair-production of sleptons ℓ ~ ℓ ~ , with each decaying into a charged lepton and a χ ~ 1 0 neutralino, and direct pair-production of the lightest charginos χ ~ 1 ± χ ~ 1 ∓ , with each decaying into a W-boson and a χ ~ 1 0 . The lightest neutralino χ ~ 1 0 is assumed to be the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP). The analyses target the experimentally challenging mass regions where m ℓ ~ − m χ ~ 1 0 and m χ ~ 1 ± − m χ ~ 1 0 are close to the W-boson mass ('moderately compressed' regions). The search uses 139 fb−1 of s = 13 TeV proton-proton collisions recorded by the ATLAS detector at the Large Hadron Collider. No significant excesses over the expected background are observed. Exclusion limits on the simplified models under study are reported in the ℓ ~ χ ~ 1 0 and χ ~ 1 ± χ ~ 1 0 mass planes at 95% confidence level (CL). Sleptons with masses up to 150 GeV are excluded at 95% CL for the case of a mass-splitting between sleptons and the LSP of 50 GeV. Chargino masses up to 140 GeV are excluded at 95% CL for the case of a mass-splitting between the chargino and the LSP down to about 100 GeV. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present article, we employ the Regge phenomenology to describe the mass-spectra of singly charmed baryons. With the assumption of linear Regge trajectories, the relations between Regge slopes, intercepts, and baryon masses are derived. Using these relations we evaluated the Regge slopes ( α ′ ) for Λ c + , Σ c + + , + , 0 , Ξ c + , 0 , Ξ c ′ + , 0 , and Ω c 0 baryons and obtain the orbitally excited state masses in the (J , M 2) plane. Similarly, the Regge parameters (β and β 0 ) are estimated for each Regge line in the (n , M 2) plane and the radially excited state masses are obtained. Also, the experimental errors are calculated in the obtained results wherever the experimental inputs are taken. Further the Regge trajectories are plotted for our calculated masses in the ( J , M 2 ) plane. We compared our estimated results with the experimental data and other theoretical predictions. We assign the spin–parity of recently observed experimental states Σ c (2800) , Ξ c (2923) , Ξ c (3123) , Ω c (3000) , Ω c (3050) , Ω c (3065) , Ω c (3090) and Ω c (3119) in this work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We consider the nonlinear Dirac equation with Soler-type nonlinearity concentrated at one point and present a detailed study of the spectrum of linearization at solitary waves. We then consider two different perturbations of the nonlinearity which break the $ \mathbf{SU}(1,1) $ symmetry: the first preserving and the second breaking the parity symmetry. We show that a particular perturbation which breaks the $ \mathbf{SU}(1,1) $ symmetry but not the parity symmetry also preserves the spectral stability of solitary waves. Then we consider a particular perturbation which breaks both the $ \mathbf{SU}(1,1) $ symmetry and the parity symmetry and show that this perturbation destroys the stability of weakly relativistic solitary waves. This instability is due to the bifurcations of positive-real-part eigenvalues from the embedded eigenvalues $ \pm 2\omega \mathrm{i} $. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Non-Hermitian scattering systems respecting parity-time symmetry exhibit unidirectional invisibility or reflectionlessness at an exceptional point of the scattering matrix. In this study, we investigate the scattering properties of a one-dimensional acoustic parity-time-symmetric multilayered medium. Parity-time symmetry is defined by a spatial small-amplitude square-wave modulation of the medium parameters in the complex plane. Such a multilayered medium has been demonstrated to reach an exceptional point and support unidirectional invisibility for balanced real and imaginary part modulations of the refractive index. Through the analysis of interference within the medium, we show that the complex modulation of acoustic impedance instead of the refractive index governs the exceptional point of the scattering matrix and determines the occurrence of the unidirectional invisibility. This unidirectional invisibility is further investigated for more general cases of complex parameter distribution including unequal modulation amplitudes and rectangular wave modulation. Our study provides an intuitive physical picture of the occurrence of unidirectional invisibility induced by an exceptional point in acoustic wave systems. Moreover, this study could facilitate the design and practical realization of acoustic parity-time-symmetric structures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Valley pseudo-spin and its associated interface wave transport in sonic crystals has attracted increasing attention from researchers for the potential manipulation of acoustic waves. The topological interface state, projected from a specific valley, is valley-locked, and, thus, renders robust reflection immunity against defects. In this work, we report on the experimental observation of the different parity generations of interface states at two distinct zigzag interfaces. By designing a "C"-shaped domain wall, we experimentally demonstrated the parity generation and selective excitation of interface valley-locked states. Benefiting from different parities of the interface states, one-way valley parity conversion was verified in sonic crystals without breaking the time reversal symmetry. Our findings contribute to the applications in noise control, acoustic communication, and logic processing for topological functional devices with unidirectional responses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It has been found that logic-qubit entanglement has great potential for applications in quantum communication and quantum networks in recent years. However, along with the effects of noise and decoherence, the fidelity of the communication transmission can be greatly reduced. In this paper, we investigate the entanglement purification of logic bit-flip error and phase-flip error in polarization logic-qubit entanglement based on the parity-check measurement (PCM) gate, which is constructed by the cross-Kerr nonlinearity and used to distinguish the parity information of two-photon polarization states. The probability of entanglement purification is higher than the scheme using the linear optical method. Moreover, the quality of logic-qubit entangled states can be improved by a cyclic purification process. This entanglement purification protocol will be useful in the future when faced with long-distance communication with logic-qubit entanglement states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this research, we tentatively assign the T c s ̄ (2 9 0 0) as the A Ā -type tetraquark state, and study the mass spectrum of the tetraquark states with strange and doubly strange, which have the spin-parity J P = 0 + , 1 + and 2 + , in the framework of the QCD sum rules in details, where the A denotes the axialvector-diquark state. The predicted mass M = 2. 9 2 ± 0. 1 2 GeV is consistent with the experimental values M = 2. 8 9 2 ± 0. 0 1 4 ± 0. 0 1 5 GeV and 2. 9 2 1 ± 0. 0 1 7 ± 0. 0 2 0 GeV from the LHCb collaboration and supports assigning the T c s ̄ (2 9 0 0) to be the A Ā -type scalar c s ̄ q q ̄ tetraquark state. The predictions for other tetraquark states can be confronted to the experimental data in the future to diagnose the nature of the fully open flavor exotic states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Experimental nuclear spectroscopic data are evaluated for 12 known nuclides of mass number=71 (Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, Ga, Ge, As, Se, Br, Kr). Detailed compiled and evaluated information is presented for each reaction and decay experiment. The β −n decay of 72Co to 71Ni is included in this work, while for β −n decay of 71Co to 70Ni, consult Nuclear Data Sheets for A=70 (2016Gu11) or the ENSDF database for 70Ni. Combining all the available data, recommended values are provided for energies, spins and parities, and half-lives of levels, with energies, branching ratios and multipolarities of γ radiations, and characteristics of β and α radiations in radioactive decays. Excited-states have not yet been identified in 71Mn, 71Fe, and 71Kr, with the ground-state half-life remaining unknown only for 71Mn; data for excited states in 71Co and 71Ni are very limited; 71Ga, 71Ge and 71As are the most extensively studied nuclides via various reactions and decays, followed by 71Cu, 71Zn, 71Se, and 71Br, however, except for 71Ge, the decay schemes of all other nuclides are considered as incomplete due to a large gap between the decay Q-value and the highest observed level. This work supersedes earlier evaluations of A=71 by 2011Ab01. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We investigate the fate of the non-supersymmetric Gross-Neveu-Yukawa fixed point found by Fei et al. in 4 − ϵ dimensions with a two-component Majorana fermion continued to two dimensions. Assuming that it is a fermionic minimal model which possesses a chiral ℤ2 symmetry (in addition to fermion number parity) and just two relevant singlet operators, we can zero in on four candidates. Assuming further that the least relevant deformation leads to the supersymmetric Gross-Neveu-Yukawa fixed point (i.e. fermionic tricritical Ising model), we can rule out two of them by matching the spin contents of the preserved topological defect lines. The final candidates are the fermionic (11, 4) minimal model if it is non-unitary, and the fermionic (E6, A10) minimal model if it is unitary. If we further use a constraint from the double braiding relation proposed by one of the authors, the former scenario is preferable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We study flavor changing neutral current decays of B and K mesons in the dark U(1)D model, with the dark photon/dark Z mass between 10 MeV and 2 GeV. Although the model provides an improved fit (compared to the standard model) to the differential decay distributions of B → K(∗)ℓ+ℓ−, with ℓ = μ, e, and Bs→ ϕμ+μ−, the allowed parameter space is ruled out by measurements of atomic parity violation, K+→ μ+ + invisible decay, and B s − B ¯ s mixing, among others. To evade constraints from low energy data, we extend the model to allow for (1) additional invisible ZD decay, (2) a direct vector coupling of ZD to muons, and (3) a direct coupling of ZD to both muons and electrons, with the electron coupling fine-tuned to cancel the ZD coupling to electrons via mixing. We find that only the latter case survives all constraints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We generalize the world line EFT formalism to account for parity violating finite size effects. Results are presented for potentials and radiating moments of a binary inspiral for the parity conserving sector, and agreement is found with, previous calculations. Furthermore, we generate new results in this sector, calculating the current quadrupole moment induced by finite size gravitomagnetic effects. We also present novel results for parity violating sources, which might be due to beyond standard model physics, and show that they generate GW signals with the unique signature that the current-moment appears at 0.5PN order earlier relative to the mass-moment in the PN expansion. Parity violation also induces a new type of potential, which is proportional to the S ∙ r. Finally, we present new results for the dissipative force for parity violating constituents, which leads to the curious signature of a force normal to the orbit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The information content of a photon system can be extended by hyperentanglement, but the quality of hyperentanglement will be decreased by the complicated transmission loss and channel noise in quantum information processing. Here, an efficient measurement‐based hyperentanglement distillation protocol (MB‐HDP) is presented for depressing the effects of complicated transmission loss and channel noise on hyperentanglement. In the MB‐HDP, the nonlocal lossy and distortion photon states are coupled to local hyperentangled Greenberger–Horne–Zeilinger (GHZ) states using parity measurement and qubit amplification device, and the decoherence caused by bit‐flip (phase‐flip) error, diverse transmission coefficients and transmission loss can be depressed by the successful measurement results, which can increase the quality of nonlocal hyperentangled photon state. This MB‐HDP broadens the application scope of hyperentanglement distillation to nonlocal lossy and distortion photon state with a lower degree of entanglement. In addition, the MB‐HDP can further improve the quality of nonlocal hyperentangled photon state by coupling multiple copies of lossy and distortion hyperentangled photon state with local hyperentangled GHZ states. This work demonstrates the ability of measurement‐based method for ensuring the quality of nonlocal hyperentanglement, which can improve the integrity and capacity of long‐distance quantum information processing. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To examine the familiar tradeoff between risk and return in financial investments, we use a rolling two-stage stochastic program to compare mean-risk optimization models with time series momentum strategies. In a backtest of allocating investment between a market index and a risk-free asset, we generate scenarios of future return according to a momentum-based stochastic process model. A new hybrid approach, time series momentum strategy controlling downside risk (TSMDR), frequently dominates traditional approaches by generating trading signals according to a modified momentum measure while setting the risky asset position to control the conditional value-at-risk (CVaR) of return. For insight into the outperformance of TSMDR, we decompose each strategy into two aspects, the trading signal and the asset allocation model that determines the risky asset position. We find that 1) weighted moving average can better capture the trend of the stock market than time series momentum computed as past 12-month excess return, 2) mean-risk strategies generally provide better returns whereas risk parity strategies have less investment risk and 3) controlling CVaR limits the investment risk better than controlling variance does. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We present the complete solution concerning to transport properties of coupled transverse electromagnetic and shear acoustic waves propagating via a piezoelectric slab embedded into a homogeneous dielectric medium. Since the electroacoustics of our setup is governed by four electromagnetoelastic eigenmodes, we had to succeed in developing a 4 × 4 transfer matrix method to analytically resolve the problem. As a result, the exact frequency spectra of the transmission, reflection, and transformation transport coefficients were obtained and analyzed in detail for two basic cases where the piezoelectric slab subjected by electromagnetic/acoustic perturbation generates acoustic/electromagnetic response. We establish that wave transformation is effectively realized in vicinities of electromagnetic and acoustic Fabry–Pérot resonances. Surprisingly, as a consequence of the problem geometry and accepted 4 mm symmetry of the piezoelectric medium, the phenomenon of the resonant parity selection arises: in the vicinity of an electromagnetic Fabry–Pérot resonance of the given (odd/even) parity, only acoustic Fabry–Pérot resonances with opposite (even/odd) parity are excited in the coefficient of generation. The piezoelectric coupling vanishes when the parities of both resonances coincide. The changes in transmission and reflection spectra turn out to be more sophisticated. The phenomenon is observed due to quite great distinction between electromagnetic and acoustic wave numbers provided by the fundamental difference between light and sound velocities. In our analysis, particular attention is also paid to the ability of increasing the mutual transformation of electromagnetic and acoustic fluxes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We report accurate Ritz wavelengths for parity-forbidden [Ni  ii ] transitions, derived from energy levels determined using high-resolution Fourier transform spectroscopy. Transitions between the 18 lowest Ni  ii energy levels of even-parity produced Ritz wavelengths for 126 parity-forbidden lines. Uncertainties for the Ritz wavelengths derived in this work are up to two orders of magnitude lower than previously published values. Transition probabilities were calculated using the semi-empirical orthogonal operator method, with uncertainties ranging from approximately 1 per cent for strong M1 lines and up to 10 per cent for weak E2 lines. Accurate forbidden line wavelengths and transition probabilities, particularly for lines in the infrared, are important in the analyses of low-density astrophysical plasmas, such as supernova remnants, planetary nebulae, and active galactic nuclei. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We review the chiral variant and invariant components of nucleon masses and the consequence of their existence on the chiral restoration in extreme conditions, particularly in neutron star matter. We consider a model of linear realization of chiral symmetry with the nucleon parity doublet structure that permits the chiral invariant mass, m 0 , for positive and negative parity nucleons. The nuclear matter is constructed with the parity doublet nucleon model coupled to scalar fields σ , vector fields (ω , ρ) , and mesons with strangeness through the U(1) A anomaly. In models with a large m 0 , the nucleon mass is insensitive to the medium, and the nuclear saturation properties can be reproduced without demanding strong couplings of the nucleons to the scalar fields σ and vector fields ω. We confront the resulting nuclear equations of state with nuclear constraints and neutron star observations and delineate the chiral invariant mass and effective interactions. To further examine the nuclear equations of state beyond the saturation density, we supplement quark models to set the boundary conditions from the high-density side. The quark models are constrained by the two-solar-mass conditions, and such constraints are transferred to nuclear models through the causality and thermodynamic stability conditions. We also calculate various condensates and the matter composition from nuclear to quark matter in a unified matter by constructing a generating functional that interpolates the nuclear and quark matter with external fields. Two types of chiral restoration are discussed: one due to the positive scalar charges of nucleons and the other triggered by the evolution of the Dirac sea. We found that the U(1) A anomaly softens equations of state from low to high density. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One of the greatest mysteries concerning the origin of life is how it has emerged so quickly after the formation of the earth. In particular, it is not understood how metabolic cycles, which power the non-equilibrium activity of cells, have come into existence in the first instances. While it is generally expected that non-equilibrium conditions would have been necessary for the formation of primitive metabolic structures, the focus has so far been on externally imposed non-equilibrium conditions, such as temperature or proton gradients. Here, we propose an alternative paradigm in which naturally occurring non-reciprocal interactions between catalysts that can partner together in a cyclic reaction lead to their recruitment into self-organized functional structures. We uncover different classes of self-organized cycles that form through exponentially rapid coarsening processes, depending on the parity of the cycle and the nature of the interaction motifs, which are all generic but have readily tuneable features. It is generally accepted that non-equilibrium conditions would have been necessary for the formation of primitive metabolic structures, but the focus has mostly been on externally imposed non-equilibrium conditions. Here, the authors show that catalytically active particles like enzymes participating in a metabolic cycle can spontaneously self-organize into dynamically structured condensates composed of active mixtures, by employing non-reciprocal interactions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

We employ the heavy quark effective theory (HQET) to give spin-parity quantum numbers for the bottom strange states BsJ (6063) and BsJ (6114) recently observed by the LHCb Collaboration [9]. By exploring flavor-independent parameters |$\Delta _{F}^{(c)} =\Delta _{F}^{(b)}$| and |$\lambda _{F}^{(c)} = \lambda _{F}^{(b)}$| appearing in the HQET Lagrangian, we calculate the masses of the experimentally missing bottom strange meson states 2 S , 1 P , 1 D. The parameter Δ F appears in the HQET Lagrangian and gives the spin-averaged mass splitting between excited-state doublets (F) and ground-state doublets (H). Another parameter λ F comes from first-order corrections in the HQET Lagrangian and gives hyperfine splittings. We also analyze these bottom strange masses by taking 1/ mQ corrections, which lead to modifications of parameter terms of |$\Delta _{F}^{(b)} =\Delta _{F}^{(c)} + \delta \Delta _F$| and |$\lambda _{F}^{(b)} = \lambda _{F}^{(c)}\delta \lambda _F$|⁠. Further, we analyze their two-body decays, couplings, and branching ratios via the emission of light pseudoscalar mesons. Based on the predicted masses and decay widths, we tentatively identify the states BsJ (6063) as 23 S 1 and BsJ (6114) as 13 D 1. Our predictions provide crucial information for future experimental studies. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nuclear magnetic quadrupole moments (MQMs), such as intrinsic electric dipole moments of elementary particles, violate both parity and time-reversal symmetry and, therefore, probe physics beyond the standard model. We report on accurate relativistic coupled cluster calculations of the nuclear MQM interaction constants in BaF, YbF, BaOH, and YbOH. We elaborate on estimates of the uncertainty of our results. The implications of experiments searching for nonzero nuclear MQMs are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A generally applicable approach for the calculation of relativistic properties described by one-electron operators within a two-component wave function approach is presented. The formalism is explicitly evaluated for the example of quasirelativistic wave functions obtained within the zeroth order regular approximation (ZORA). The wide applicability of the scheme is demonstrated for the calculation of parity (P) and time-reversal (T ) symmetry violating properties, which are important for searches of physics beyond the standard model of particle physics. The quality of the ZORA results is shown exemplarily for the molecules RaF and TlF by comparison with data from four-component calculations as far as available. Finally, the applicability of RaF in experiments that search for P , T -violation not only in the electronic but also in the quark sector is demonstrated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper we use the atomic version of the quantum Fisher information to estimate the quantum state of the parity deformed Jaynes Cummings Model (PD-JCM) that describing the interaction between a SQ (single qubit) and parity deformed field. The nonclassical properties of the field are identified by the evolution of the second-order correlation function. The von Neumann entropy is provided for the non-local correlation between the SQ and parity deformed field. Also, the single qubit quantum Fisher information within the phase shift estimator is obtained and compared with the von Neumann entropy during the interaction time. We examine the effect of the deformation parameter and time-dependent coupling or qubit speed on the dynamical behavior of the proposed quantities. The results verified that the dynamical behavior of the proposed quantities can be controlled by the qubit speed, deformation parameter and time-dependent coupling or qubit speed parameters. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we extend Shaposhnikov et al.'s parity violating the Einstein–Cartan–Holst action by adding to Holst term H, a Proca photon–torsion coupling χpt = 10−24 as computed by De Sabbata, Garcia de Andrade, and Sivaram. The strength of Holst term is obtained, in the case of early universe torsion as, T ∼ 1 MeV. The gravity part is the Planck mass product with the Holst term. The photon mass in this case yields m2γH ∼ 10−69 GeV4. Therefore, in this case, the photon interacts very weakly with spin-torsion matter in Einstein–Cartan (EC) gravity and the strength of the Maxwell–Proca–Holst interaction is much weaker than in the pure gravity sector. For dark photons, this situation changes drastically since a dark photon mass reaches 1.5 GeV, and from this mass and T = 10−3 GeV, one obtains a Maxwell–Proca–Holst strength of 10−6 GeV4, which is now comparable with the gravity sector. Dynamo mechanism competes with the chirality and dissipation by the handness of the magnetic field with respect to the torsion trace vector to regenerate the magnetic field decay. Bombacigno and Mantovani recently found a sign of the Immirzi parameter in the Holst–Nieh–Yan extension of EC gravity. Here, we also find torsion waves for the Immirzi inverse parameter in the sense that this divergence of torsion trace is porportional to the Immirzi field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In present work, spectrum of the S-wave fully-heavy tetraquark states Q Q Q ¯ Q ¯ ( Q = c , b ), i.e., c c c ¯ c ¯ , b b b ¯ b ¯ , c c b ¯ b ¯ / b b c ¯ c ¯ , b c c ¯ c ¯ / c c b ¯ c ¯ , b b c ¯ b ¯ / c b b ¯ b ¯ , and b c b ¯ c ¯ are systematically investigated within a nonrelativistic constituent quark model, in which the instanton-induced and one-gluon-exchange interactions are taken into account as the residual spin-dependent hyperfine interaction. Our results show that the states with c c c ¯ c ¯ and b b b ¯ b ¯ components could be located around 6500 MeV and 19,200 MeV, respectively. Based on our calculations, the new X(6900) state observed by LHCb may be not a ground c c c ¯ c ¯ tetraquark state, while it could be an orbitally or radially excited state of c c c ¯ c ¯ system. On the other hand, the recently reported X(6600) state by CMS and ATLAS can be explained as a ground c c c ¯ c ¯ tetraquark state with spin-parity J PC = 0 + + . [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At various times in his life, Louis de Broglie firmly believed in the coexistence of both particle and an associated wave referring to "the theory of the double solution", and an equation which he called "the guidance formula". In an attempt to account for both particle and wave, the author has proposed a Lorentz invariant alternative to Newton's second law which is developed in Hill (Zeitschrift fur angewandte Mathematik und Physik 69:133–145, 2018; Zeitschrift fur angewandte Mathematik und Physik 70:5–14, 2019; Zeitschrift fur angewandte Mathematik und Physik 70:131–153, 2019; Math Mech Solids 26:263–284, 2020; Math Mech Solids 25: 1763–1777, 2020; Zeitschrift fur angewandte Mathematik und Physik 72:1–14; Mathematics of particle–wave mechanical systems, Springer, Cham, 2022). Here, we summarise some of the major outcomes of this approach, including simple solutions of the proposed model exhibiting both sub-luminal and superluminal behaviour dependent upon the region of space-time, and two symmetrical sets of rate-differential relations for the two Lorentz invariants for a single spatial dimension x. One set follows the particle, while the other follows the wave, revealing a complete symmetry between the one-dimensional spatial physical force f and the force g in the "direction of time". The existence of these symmetrical equations reinforces the parity and interchangeability of particles and waves. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The last undiscovered particle of the Standard Model, the Higgs boson, was observed in 2012 by the ATLAS and CMS Collaborations at the Large Hadron Collider at CERN. Since that time the cross sections of main five production mechanisms at , 8 and 13 TeV pp collisions were measured as well as branching ratios of five decay channels, a mass and a width. It was also established that spin and parity of the Higgs boson are 0 . In addition, differential cross sections on many kinematic variables were measured. No deviations from the Standard Model predictions were observed. The precision of the measurements at the LHC is permanently improving with analyzing new data. This paper summarizes experimental situation with the Higgs boson after ten years of its discovery mostly based on full , 8 and 13 TeV datasets accumulated by the ATLAS and CMS detectors during Run1 and Run2 of the LHC. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the present research, some static and dynamic nuclear properties of the closed-shell nuclei; O, Si, Ca, and Ca nuclei, have been studied using the self-consistent random phase approximation and applied with different Skyrme parameterizations, namely; SyO , SyO , BSk17, Sk255, SLy4 and SLy5. In particular, investigations of static properties are carried out, such as various nuclear densities with associated root-mean-square radii, neutron skin thicknesses, the binding energy per nucleon, and the single-particle radial nuclear density distributions. All the obtained results agreed well with the relevant experimental data. Concerning the dynamic properties, the excitation energy, transition density, and giant resonance modes for the excitation to the low-lying negative parity excited states 1 , 3 , 5 , and 7 have also been studied. The present work shows that the Skyrme–Hartree–Fock (SHF) method with RPA successfully describes the ground states of closed-shell nuclei and their excitations to the negative parity states. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this paper, we apply the method of QCD sum rules to study the doubly heavy tetraquark states Q Q q ̄ n ̄ with spin-parity J P = 1 + and strangeness S = 0 , − 1 using careful estimates of the Borel and threshold parameters involved. Masses of the doubly bottom and charmed tetraquarks with isospin I = 0 , 1 / 2 , 1 are computed precisely via taking into account multifarious condensates up to dimension 10. Compared with the two-heavy meson thresholds, we find that all nonstrange doubly-bottom tetraquarks and a doubly-charmed tetraquarks associated with J 3 with J P = 1 + are stable against strong decay into two bottom mesons while a doubly-charmed tetraquark associated with current J 2 is unstable against strong decay. By the way, weak decay widths of the doubly bottom tetraquarks are also given. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]